Daily Mock Test – 30 July 2025

✅ Answer: 2
Explanation: 10th Schedule = Anti-defection law (52nd Amendment, 1985).

Explanation:

• Golaknath Case (1967): The SC held that Parliament cannot amend Fundamental Rights. This was later balanced by Kesavananda Bharati (1973), establishing basic structure doctrine.

Explanation:

• Concurrent List & Free Trade: From Australia

• Procedure for amendments: Mostly Indian innovation

• Preamble’s language: Inspired by the US Constitution, not Australian.

Explanation:

• Deputy Prime Minister is not mentioned anywhere in the Constitution. It’s a political arrangement.

• Parliament CAN create new FRs via constitutional amendments, e.g., Right to Education under Article 21A.

✅ Answer: 2
Explanation: Stagflation = stagnant growth + high inflation + high unemployment.

✅ Explanation:

• A Point of Order can be raised when a Member believes the rules are being violated.

• It must be based on Rules of Procedure or Constitutional provisions (not for general political issues).

• It may relate to breach of parliamentary privileges or deviation from procedure.

✅ Correct Answer: 2. National Green Tribunal Act, 2010

📘 Explanation:
The National Green Tribunal (NGT) was created in 2010 via a separate Act passed by Parliament — the NGT Act, 2010.
It’s a special environmental court for speedy disposal of cases related to environmental protection and conservation.

✅ Correct Answer: D. Madagascar

📘 Explanation:

• India signed a historic tri-service agreement with Madagascar for naval access, radar stations, and logistics support.

• It’s part of India’s SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) doctrine.

Explanation:

• Article 67(b): Vice-President can be removed by a resolution of the Rajya Sabha passed by a majority and agreed to by the Lok Sabha.

• This is not impeachment like the President’s removal (Article 61).

✅ Correct Answer: D. It is constituted under a separate Act of Parliament

📘 Explanation:

• The Delimitation Commission is a temporary, statutory body, not a permanent constitutional body.

• It is established under the Delimitation Commission Act, not the Constitution.

• Orders are final and cannot be challenged in court.

• It is headed by a retired Supreme Court judge, not the CEC.

✅ Explanation:

• Appointed by the President (not elected) under Article 76.

• Should have SC-judge qualification.

• Can speak in Parliament but cannot vote.

✅ Correct Answer: B. Increase in revenue expenditure

📘 Explanation:

• Fiscal consolidation refers to reducing the fiscal deficit and stabilizing public finances.

• A → Raising funds via disinvestment supports consolidation ✅

• C → Asset monetization = unlock value, reduce deficit ✅

• D → Reducing subsidies lowers government spending ✅

• ❌ B increases expenditure, which goes against consolidation efforts.

✅ Answer: 2
Explanation: The 86th Amendment (2002) introduced Article 21A, Right to Education.

✅ Correct Answer: D. All of the above

📘 Explanation:
The PLI Scheme covers 14 key sectors, including:

• Electronics, Pharma, Textiles, Auto, Drones, Semiconductors, etc.
  It offers financial incentives to boost domestic manufacturing and exports.

Explanation:

• Fundamental Duties (Article 51A) are non-justiciable, i.e., not enforceable by courts, though laws can be made to enforce them indirectly.

• Introduced by the 42nd Amendment (1976) based on the Soviet model.

✅ Explanation:

• Originally, Article 21 used “procedure established by law,” (narrower than due process).

• In Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978), the Supreme Court interpreted it to include substantive due process, making it more robust.

• The concept comes from American jurisprudence, not British.

✅ Explanation:

• Article 72: President’s power to grant pardons for offences under Union law and death sentences.

• Article 161: Governor has similar power for offences under State law.

• Thus, both Articles empower constitutional heads to grant mercy, depending on the nature of the offence.

✅ Correct Answer: b) Article 156

💡 Explanation:
Under Article 156(1), a Governor holds office at the pleasure of the President. In recent years, this clause was invoked to remove governors in politically sensitive cases, like in Tamil Nadu in 2025 (example-based).