Daily Mock Test – 05 August 2025

Answer: B
 Explanation: Wagner’s Law states that as an economy develops, the role of the public sector grows disproportionately.

Answer: A
 Explanation: Cambridge version of Quantity Theory: M = kPY where k is the proportion of income held in cash.

🟩 Answer: C
📝 Explanation: Generic drugs are crucial in making life-saving medicines accessible in low- and middle-income countries at affordable prices.

Answer: C
 Explanation: Ganga is the longest river within India.

✅ Correct Answer: B. Mandatory carbon trading by power sector units

📘 Explanation:

• The ICM (Phase 1) launched with mandatory emissions trading for power generation companies.

• It’s a cap-and-trade system — emissions above cap must be compensated via carbon credits.

• Future phases may include steel, cement, etc.

🟩 Answer: D
📝 Explanation:

• NASA: L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system

• ISRO: S-band radar, spacecraft bus, and launch via GSLV Mk II

Answer: D
 Explanation: Godavari originates from Trimbak plateau near Nasik (correct), Krishna from Mahabaleshwar (correct), but Mahanadi originates from Sihawa Hills (not Amarkantak), and Narmada originates from Amarkantak Plateau, not Satpura.

Correct Answer: ✅ A. 1 and 2 only

📘 Explanation:

• ✅ Statement 1 is correct: The Agri-Infra 2.0, launched in July 2025, focuses on cold storage, primary processing, and logistics infrastructure, and gives interest-free or subsidized loans to FPOs and cooperatives.

• ✅ Statement 2 is correct: The platform now integrates PM-KISAN with Agri-Infrastructure Fund, offering a unified dashboard for farmers to apply for schemes.

• ❌ Statement 3 is incorrect: Direct input subsidies to private investors via DBT is not allowed under this scheme; it’s still routed through farmer-centric models.

 Explanation:

• Statement 1 is correct: MSP is a type of market price support and is considered under WTO’s “Amber Box” subsidies.

• Statement 2 is incorrect: Domestic policy ≠ exempt from WTO scrutiny. Even domestic support is subject to limits under WTO rules.

•  Statement 3 is correct: WTO’s Aggregate Measurement of Support (AMS) caps support at 10% of total value of production for developing countries.

✅ Correct Answer: B. Chenab

📘 Explanation:
The Chenab River originates in Himachal Pradesh, flows through Jammu & Kashmir, and enters Pakistan.
It’s covered under the Indus Water Treaty (1960) — Chenab is one of the western rivers allocated largely to Pakistan.

Answer: D
 Explanation: States have representation in Rajya Sabha based on population, not equally — unlike the U.S. Senate.

Answer: A
 Explanation: Net Zero means balancing emissions with offsets, not zero emissions. India’s target is 2070, not 2047.

Answer: C
 Explanation: The J-curve effect means trade balance worsens initially. Depreciation doesn’t always lead to inflation. CAD is financed via capital account.

Answer: A
 Explanation: Fundamental Rights are covered from Article 12 to 35.

✅ Correct Answer: B. It introduced GST Appellate Tribunals

📘 Explanation:

• The 53rd meeting finally cleared the establishment of GST Appellate Tribunals to reduce burden on High Courts.

• ❌ No change to GST on EV batteries or fuel yet.

Answer: B
 Explanation: Champaran (1917), Ahmedabad (1918), Kheda (1918), Rowlatt (1919).

Answer: C
 Explanation: Nehru wrote this during his imprisonment in 1942–1946.

✅ Correct Answer: D. All 3

📘 Explanation:

• India’s 2025 bill is modeled on EU-style regulations.

• ✅ It mandates registration of high-risk AI systems.

• ✅ Ministries must form AI Ethics Committees.

• ✅ Biometric surveillance by private firms is prohibited, unless regulated.

Answer: C
 Explanation: GDP is the total value of goods and services produced within a country.

✅ Correct Answer: A. 1 and 2 only

📘 Explanation:

• ✅ Statement 1: The committee recommended synchronizing LS State elections using constitutional amendments.

• ✅ Statement 2: Proposed unified electoral roll to reduce duplication between EC and State Election Commissions.

• ❌ Statement 3: Recommendations are not binding on the Election Commission of India (ECI).

🧠 Explanation:

The Quit India Movement (launched on 8 August 1942) was a major civil disobedience movement led by Mahatma Gandhi demanding an end to British rule in India. Here’s why the options stand:

🔴 A. It was a violent movement from the beginning – ❌

• It was meant to be non-violent, but turned violent spontaneously in some areas after leaders were arrested.

🔴 B. It was supported by the Muslim League and Communist Party – ❌

• Both opposed the movement. The Muslim League didn’t support Congress, and Communist Party supported the British war effort due to Soviet alliance.

✅ C. It led to the formation of a parallel government in some regions – ✅

• Correct! Examples:

  • Ballia (UP) – brief control by local leaders

  • Tamluk (Bengal) – “Tamralipta Jatiya Sarkar”

  • Satara (Maharashtra) – “Prati Sarkar”

🔴 D. The British immediately accepted the demand for independence – ❌

• No, they responded with repression, mass arrests, and no negotiations.

Correct Answer: ✅ C. It aims to eliminate plastic pollution by 2040

📘 Explanation:

• The Global Plastics Treaty draft, discussed in Paris (June 2025), aims for complete elimination of plastic pollution by 2040.

• ❌ It is intended to be universally binding, not just for developed nations.

• ❌ India did not opt out; it raised concerns about funding & tech transfer but remains engaged.

• ❌ It was negotiated under the UNEP, not UNFCCC.

🟩 Answer: C
📝 Explanation: The concern is that stricter IPR clauses may extend patent periods or introduce data exclusivity, delaying the entry of cheaper generic versions in the Indian market.

Answer: C
 Explanation: Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the first President of India.

 Explanation:

The Ramsar Convention provides specific ecological criteria for identifying wetlands of international importance. These criteria focus on biodiversity, ecology, and waterbird populations.

 True Ramsar Criteria:

• Supports endangered or vulnerable species

• Supports species at critical stages of life cycle (like breeding or migration)

• Regularly supports 20,000 or more waterbirds

❌ NOT a criterion:

• Traditional human settlements — while important socially or culturally, this is not an ecological criterion under Ramsar listing.

✅ Correct Answer: D. All of the above

📘 Explanation:
The PLI Scheme covers 14 key sectors, including:

• Electronics, Pharma, Textiles, Auto, Drones, Semiconductors, etc.
  It offers financial incentives to boost domestic manufacturing and exports.

Correct Answer: ✅ D. 1, 3, and 4 only

📘 Explanation:

• In the 2025 BRICS Summit, Indonesia, Argentina, and Egypt were added as new members.

• ❌ Nigeria is not yet a formal member; discussions are ongoing.

• The expansion aims to counterbalance G7 influence and give more voice to the Global South.

Answer: A
 Explanation: Charvaka school is materialistic and denies the existence of soul and afterlife.

Correct Answer: ✅ A. 1, 2, and 3 only
📘 Explanation:

• ✅ Offline transactions are now enabled in remote/rural areas.

• ✅ Interoperability with UPI is added to allow seamless retail payments.

• ✅ Programmable CBDC: RBI has introduced conditional transfers (e.g., welfare money usable only for food/fuel).

• ❌ Floating exchange rate is incorrect — e-Rupee is always pegged 1:1 with INR.